Producing an automobile mostly comes down to physics and engineering, but, like chrome, paint mostly comes down to chemistry. During the rapid development of the motorcar in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the complex chemical compounds and sophisticated techniques employed by today’s carmakers simply didn’t exist. Some early cars were hand-painted. Like, with a brush. Even as automotive production grew, paint with a varnish-like composition was the most common finish, applied in...
Tire sidewalls turn brown because of a reaction called tire blooming. This occurs when antiozonant chemicals in the tire’s rubber react with oxygen and UV light. While this process is natural, it can be unsightly. In this article, we’ll explore “why tire sidewalls turn brown and how to prevent it” effectively, sharing tips and insights on this common issue. Understanding Tire Blooming Tire blooming is a chemical reaction that results in the brown discoloration of your tires’ sidewalls....
Long before SRT, R/T was top dog of Dodge performance. If your Mopar had that two-letter badge in the grille, it was enough to send even the baddest of would-be street racers packing. These cars would go toe-to-toe with SS and GT cars all day long, often besting them from stop light to stop light and on the drag strip. What does R/T actually mean, though? What equipment did it entail a car came with? R/T is an acronym that stands for Road and Track. When it first appeared in the late 1960s,...
Internal combustion engines are commonly referred to by their displacements, whether its old-school cubic inches or more modern CC and liters. An engine's displacement is calculated using the diameter of its cylinders and the length of its crankshaft stroke to determine the volume of each cylinder. That volume is multiplied by the number of cylinders to get the total displacement. There are two ways to increase the displacement of the engine in your car. You could bore the cylinders to a...
There is a lot of info out there about how to use machines for polishing. A quick YouTube search and you'll have hundreds of videos from amateurs and professionals outlining the process of removing clear coat scratches and swirl marks with any number of tools. The one thing few, if any of these videos addresses are the concerns that come after you've learned how to fix the paint. A casual reading in any forums detailing section reveals how little most people actually know about the...
Almost all of today’s car batteries are "maintenance-free." However, your battery should be load-tested annually once it is 2 years old if you live in a warmer climate, or 4 years old if you live in a colder climate. Doing so tests its ability to hold voltage while being used, and the results will let you know when it’s time to start shopping. In addition, it is a good practice to check the terminals to ensure that the connectors are tight and free from corrosion. Car batteries typically...
The following Motor Trend article, describes in detail, how the MDS system works. What Is Hemi MDS? (motortrend.com)
In older automobile ignition systems, the high-voltage pulses are produced by means of breaker points controlled by a revolving distributor cam. When the points are in contact they complete an electrical circuit through the primary winding of the ignition coil. When the points are separated by the cam, the primary circuit is broken, which creates a high-voltage surge in the secondary windings of the induction coil. Breaker points have been largely replaced by electronic devices in newer...
HERE'S WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU PULL #2 FUSE (older Challengers) Pulling Fuse F2 resets: All PCM DTCs erased. All OBD2 monitor results erased. All "long term fuel trim adaptive" values reset to Zero. Long term Fuel Adaptive trim will now start over the next 100 engine start cycles. Cycle the headlights as described above will create a Short Term Fuel Adaptive trim table over the next 50 start cycles. Driver Adaptive? Driver Adaptive and related fuel table trim is probably the least...
Electric cars need to be recharged frequently for efficiency. However, charging an electric car is a much different experience than refueling a gas or diesel vehicle. Instead of a few minutes, charging an EV can take anywhere from 30 minutes to over 30 hours. This is because there are actually three levels of electric car charging. Levels of Charging NeoCharge provides a breakdown of the three levels of EV charging. Each level of charging is defined by the amount of voltage, which...
It’s known that when the temperature decreases by 10 degrees, tire pressure drops between 1 and 2 pounds per square inch (PSI). It happens not because the air escapes from the tire but because the air inside the tire starts condensing as the temperature decreases, and then it takes up less space. This is how the tire becomes under-inflated. This problem is seen mostly in the winter mornings because the car is parked all night and the air condenses. When the tires are properly inflated, and...
Paintless Dent Repair (PDR) is an environmentally friendly repair method that restores a vehicle’s body to factory-like condition in a fraction of the time at a fraction of the cost. PDR can be used to remove dings and dents from vehicles, as well as creases and hail damage, as long as the paint is not chipped or cracked. Overall, PDR is an excellent alternative to traditional repairs. Each day, PDR technicians across the country safely restore vehicles to their original factory condition...
If you change your own oil, the chances are you’ve got some old engine oil on your shelf. Likely it’s nothing more than an opened 1-liter top-up bottle, or an unused 4-liter bottle. You then wonder, "Does motor oil expire?" WHAT DO THE OIL COMPANIES SAY? There is a general consensus of terminology coming from the oil companies that unused, unopened, and stored in its original container out of extremes of temperature, motor oil will last for an “extended period”. They then go on to suggest...
The small black dots on a car windshield are called frits, which are black painted enamel that’s baked onto the surface of the glass. Modern cars have a windshield bonded to the frame. He described how the windshield is bonded using a strong and long-lasting urethane adhesive, which makes the windshield a structural component of the vehicle’s body. The frits “provide a secure point of contact between the glass, urethane adhesive, and windshield frame. Essentially, the small black dots help...
